Article
A LITERATURE SURVEY ON APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN APPLIED PHYSICS
Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative field that enables the manipulation of matter at the nanometer scale, where unique physical phenomena govern material behavior. Applied physics plays a crucial role in bridging fundamental nanoscale science with practical engineering applications. This review paper presents a comprehensive survey of the applications of nanotechnology in applied physics, focusing on nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, energy systems, sensors, and emerging quantum technologies. A systematic literature review methodology was adopted, covering peer-reviewed journal articles published over the last decade. The reviewed studies demonstrate that nanotechnology significantly enhances electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties, enabling high-performance devices with reduced size, weight, and power consumption. Despite substantial progress, challenges such as fabrication complexity, scalability, reliability, and environmental concerns remain critical barriers to large-scale adoption. This review identifies key research trends, compares major findings across application domains, and highlights existing research gaps. Finally, future directions are discussed, emphasizing sustainable nanomaterials, multi-physics modeling, and the integration of nanotechnology with intelligent systems. The paper aims to serve as a valuable reference for researchers, academicians, and practitioners working in applied physics and nanotechnology-driven systems.
Full Text Attachment
